Applications of Internet of Things (IoT) in agriculture: A review

Authors

  • PENKI RAMU Department of Civil Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7551-9630
  • B. A. V. RAM KUMAR Department of Civil Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5370-6504
  • P. GOPALA RAJU Department of Civil Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • M. SOWMYA Department of Civil Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54386/jam.v27i4.3084

Keywords:

Internet of Things (IoT), Agriculture, Sensors, Smart irrigation, Precision farming

Abstract

This paper reviews how the Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming agriculture into a data-driven, technology-enabled sector. IoT applications in farming include soil and weather monitoring, precision irrigation, nutrient management, crop health surveillance, and post-harvest supply chain traceability. By integrating field-deployed sensors, drones, wireless networks, and cloud-based analytics, farmers can continuously track soil moisture, nutrient content, crop growth, and microclimate conditions. These insights enable real-time decision-making that improves resource-use efficiency, reduces input waste, and minimizes environmental impacts. IoT-based automation also allows remote control of pumps, fertigation systems, and spraying equipment, further enhancing labor productivity and operational sustainability. Despite these benefits, adoption remains constrained by high initial costs, limited rural connectivity, device interoperability issues, and data security concerns. Future research and policy efforts must focus on developing affordable, interoperable solutions, strengthening rural digital infrastructure, and integrating IoT with emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning to achieve scalable, climate-resilient agriculture.

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Published

01-12-2025

How to Cite

RAMU, P., RAM KUMAR, B. A. V., RAJU , P. G., & M. SOWMYA. (2025). Applications of Internet of Things (IoT) in agriculture: A review . Journal of Agrometeorology, 27(4), 544–554. https://doi.org/10.54386/jam.v27i4.3084

Issue

Vol. 27 No. 4 (2025): December

Section

Review article

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