Effect of temperature and moisture on soil pathogen Fusarium solani of lemon in Adjara, Georgia

Authors

  • OTARI SHAINIDZE Department of Agroecology and Plant Protection, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6952-7623
  • NODAR BERIDZE Department of Agrotechnology, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi, Georgia
  • SHOTA LAMPARADZE Department of Agrotechnology, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi, Georgia
  • SHOTA LOMINADZE Department of Agrotechnology, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0134-0376
  • LELA EBRALIDZE Department of Agroecology and Plant Protection, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi, Georgia
  • MAMUKA TURMANIDZE Department of Agroecology and Plant Protection, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi, Georgia
  • GIORGI MAKHARADZE Department of Agroecology and Plant Protection, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi, Georgia
  • GIORGI JINCHARADZE Department of Agrotechnology, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • GIGA DATUNASHVILI Department of Agrotechnology, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi, Georgia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54386/jam.v26i4.2685

Keywords:

Climate, Disease, F. solani, Temperature, Soil moisture (SM), Disease susceptibility index (DSI)

Abstract

The research was conducted in the 2022 and 2023 seasons in the agrometerology and plant protection laboratory and citrus greenhouse of Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, the aim of which was  groupe and unit role of temperature and soil moisture (SM) content on aggressive soil pathogen F. solani on lemon, also effects of pathogen density and soil moisture on belowground and aboveground morphological traits.     In our study, we could find that the both temperature and soil moisture played a decisive role in influencing the  root rot disease scenario. As per the disease susceptibility index (DSI), a combination of high temperature (35°C) and low SM (60%) was found to elicit the highest disease susceptibility in lemon. High pathogen colonization was realized in lemon root tissue at all time-points irrespective of genotype, temperature, and SM. Interestingly, this was in contrast to the DSI where no visible symptoms were recorded in the roots or foliage during the initial time-points. For each time-point, the colonization was slightly higher at 35°C than 25°C, while the same did not vary significantly with respect to SM. Shoot biomass was not affected by either pathogen density or soil moisture.  However, the two experimental factors have additive effects on the severity of leaf    damage. Leaf damage increased with the density of F. solani  in the soil,  being   significantly higher at 60 CFU/g and 120 CFU/g than in control seedlings. Leaf damage was higher at the two extreme soil moisture levels (15% and 100%   WHC) than at the two intermediate levels (40% and 50%). In addition, differential expression studies revealed the involvement of defense-related genes, such as endochitinase and chitinase, in the resistant lemon cultivar Meyer, which contribute to retarding root rot disease progression in lemon. In the early stages of infection, especially with low SM. That can be beneficial for farmers and researchers who involve in Citrus

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Published

01-12-2024

How to Cite

SHAINIDZE, O., BERIDZE, N., LAMPARADZE, S., LOMINADZE, S., EBRALIDZE, L., TURMANIDZE, M., MAKHARADZE, G., JINCHARADZE, G., & DATUNASHVILI, G. (2024). Effect of temperature and moisture on soil pathogen Fusarium solani of lemon in Adjara, Georgia. Journal of Agrometeorology, 26(4), 477–484. https://doi.org/10.54386/jam.v26i4.2685

Issue

Vol. 26 No. 4 (2024): December

Section

Research Paper

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Copyright (c) 2024 OTARI SHAINIDZE, NODAR BERIDZE, SHOTA LAMPARADZE, SHOTA LOMINADZE, LELA EBRALIDZE, MAMUKA TURMANIDZE, GIORGI MAKHARADZE, GIORGI JINCHARADZE, GIGA DATUNASHVILI

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